Kinematic Chains in Mechanisms

What are kinematic chains in mechanical systems . Dive deep into the domain of kinematics

A kinematic chain is a series of interconnected links and joints that work together to transfer motion and forces in a mechanical system. Each link acts as a rigid body, while the joints provide constraints that define the type of relative motion between the links (e.g., rotation or translation)

For example, the crankshaft-piston mechanism in an engine is a kinematic chain where the rotary motion of the crankshaft converts to the linear motion of the piston.

Kinematic chains are the building blocks of mechanisms like robots, vehicles, and industrial machines. They can be classified as open or closed chains depending on how the links are connected.

Open chain: Has a free end; links are connected in a sequence without forming a loop

Closed chain : Forms a closed loop; all links are connected end-to-end

Open chain : Generally has higher mobility with fewer constraints.

Closed chain : Has more constraints, leading to reduced mobility.

Open chain : Motion is transferred from one end to the other without feedback.

Closed chain : Motion is transferred in a loop, enabling feedback between links.

Open chains are Typically used for tasks requiring flexibility, like robotic manipulators or cranes while closed chains are used in mechanisms requiring precise motion transfer, like engines and suspension systems

Some key points on kinematic chains:

Kinematic chains are the building blocks for designing mechanisms like levers, gears, cams, and linkages
Mechanism can have more than one kinematic chains
Proper choice of links, kinematic pairs and the arrangement, construction is designed to meet that end
By modifying the type and arrangement of links and joints, kinematic chains can be tailored to specific tasks, such as lifting, rotating, or oscillating
Efficient kinematic chain design can reduce the number of components, saving space and weight in products

Categories: : Mechanism and Machine design